Showing 12 results for Pain Intensity
Vahid Alizadeh , Behzad Kazemihaki, Javad Eftekhari , Parasto Tizro,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (4-2014)
Abstract
Aims and Background: Propofol is one of the newest and the most common drugs in anesthesia and intensive care unit which is used to produce sedative effects. One of its complications is the pain produced at the time of injection. The aim of this study is to compare the pain of Propofol injection with two techniques: Propofol mixed with lidocaine and Propofol injection after lidocaine.
Materials and methods: This study is a randomized double-blind clinical trial, in which 172 patients undergoing elective surgery with ASA class one and two were enrolled. Three groups of patients had injections as follows: In the first group 40 mg Propofol mixed with 2% lidocaine, in the second one purified one percent propofol, and in the third group Propofol following injection of 40 mg lidocaine 2%, were injected. Venous catheter 20 gauge was used in all cases for injection, and pain intensity was measured by VRS (Verbal Rating Scale) criteria. The data were analyzed by SPSS V.18 .
Findings: Pain intensity in the second group (Propofol injection after lidocaine injection) was less than the first group (mixed injection) and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The hemodynamic changes were similar in both groups, and there was no significant difference (P>0. 05).
Conclusions: Pre-treatment by injecting 40 mg of lidocaine2% to reduce pain due to Propofol injection is more effective than mixed method of injecting 40 mg of Propofol with lidocaine 2% .
Maryam Maryam Marofi, Motahareh Siros Fard, Nasrollah I Alimohammadi,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background:Children's Hospital, they were exposed to various therapeutic interventions that can be painful ,Including postoperative pain is the most common complaints, This study aimed to investigate the effect of aromatherapy on pain in children after surgery is performed.
Methods: In a double blind placebo-controlled clinical trail we selected 96 children with 3-6 years old in ease way and divided randomly into three groups. Patient in group A were given inhalation aromatherapy with Rosa damascene mill and in group B, pelargonium graveolens and group C were given almond oil as a placebo. Inhalation aromatherapy used at the first time of child enter to ward as the 0 time and then at 3, 6, 9 and 12 hours afterward and common treatment to palliative pain were used in each three groups. 30 minuets after per time aromatherapy, the postoperative pain in children were evaluated with the Toddler Preschooler Postoperative Pain Scale (TPPPS). data was statistically analyzed using chi-square test, one way analysis of variance and repeated measure test.
Results: We found that the pain score at the first time of child enter to ward (before received any aromatherapy or palliative care) have no significant different between three groups. After each time of aromatherapy and at the end of treatment, the pain score were reduced in two aromatherapy groups (Rosa damascene mill and pelargonium graveolens) more than placebo group and severity of pain reduction have no significant different between this two groups (Rosa damascene mill and pelargonium graveolens).
Conclusions: According to our study, aromatherapy with Rosa damascene mill or pelargonium graveolens can use in postoperative pain in children with other common treatment without any significant side effects.
Mohamad Hosein Ghodrati, Maryam Amini Fasakhodi, Majid Mahmod Alilou,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (7-2016)
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy techniques in reducing catastrophizing, fear of movement, pain disability, and pain intensity in musculoskeletal chronic pain sufferers.
Method: This study is a single subject investigation based on multiple baseline design which is one of quasi-experimental research design. The participants were two women patients suffering chronic back pain who were selected through purposive non-random sampling method from among clients of Pain Clinic of Tabriz, based on pain specialist diagnosis, clinical interview and screening tools. The protocol was conducted in 12, 60-minute session on. Also 2 baseline sessions and 1, 1-month follow up session was done. Catastrophizing, fear of movement, pain disability and pain intensity questionnaires were filled by subjects in 5th, 7th, 9th, 11th, 14th baseline sessions and the follow up session. Treatment results were investigated through visual inspection method.
Results: According to results Dialectical Behavior Therapy was effective in reducing catastrophizing, fear of movement, pain disability and pain intensity. Also these effects were maintained in patients to a large extent in the follow up session.
Conclusion: Psychological as well as medical treatment can be helpful in the patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.
Faezeh Shafiei, Maryam Amini ,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (5-2017)
Abstract
Aim and Background: Chronic pain is a degenerative and disabling situation which is accompanied by several psychological variables. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating results the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) in reduction of catastrophizing, and pain intensity in patients suffering musculoskeletal chronic pain. Materials and methods: The present study was an sub - experimental study with pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The study statistical population included all the patients with musculoskeletal chronic pain referred to the professional clinic of pain of Tabriz in 2014 who overall, 40 patients were selected through purposive non-random sampling method based on pain specialist diagnosis, and clinical interview. Then participants were randomly allocated into two experimental and control groups. The instrumentals of this study were catastrophizing scale (PCS) and visual analog scale (VAS) who participants completed in pre-test and post-test. Descriptive statistical methods and covariance analysis were used for analysis of the data. Findings: The results showed that training mindfulness based stress was effective in reducing catastrophizing, and pain intensity in patients. Conclusion: Performing psychological treatments beside medicine treatment is effective in treating patients suffering chronic musculoskeletal pain
Nazila Khoshkhatti, Mojtaba Amiri Majd, Saeideh Bazzazian, Alireza Yazdinezhad,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (4-2020)
Abstract
Aims and background: Hemodialysis prolongs the life of patients with chronic renal failure, but hemodialysis complications always cause these patients to suffer. Chronic pain is one of the most common problems for patients undergoing hemodialysis and is a debilitating condition that is associated with some psychological variables. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on pain severity in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Materials and methods: The present study was a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and follow-up with control group. The study population consisted of hemodialysis patients in Zanjan in 1397. 20 patients were selected by purposeful method and were randomly divided into two groups (n = 10). Patients in the experimental group received mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in 8 sessions within two months and the control group did not receive any treatment. The 11-point Numbered Rating Scale (NRS-11) was used to measure the research variables. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance using SPSS 24 software. Findings: Results of repeated measure ANOVA showed that after intervention, the severity of pain severity score was significantly decreased compared to the control group (P <0.01) and the stage was not significant in any of the subscales (P <0.01). Conclusion: In general, the results of the present study showed that Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is considered as an effective therapeutic approach in reducing the severity of pain in hemodialysis patients. Therefore, it is suggested that therapists and specialists use this type of intervention to improve the health of patients.
Abdolrasoul Daneshjoo, Mehdi Gheitasi, Nasrin Jaffari,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (4-2020)
Abstract
Aims and background: Nowadays, multiple sclerosis disorder has been increased. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of six weeks of massage in water on walking speed, postural control, pain intensity, fatigue and quality of life in women with multiple sclerosis in Khomeini city. Materials and methods: In this study, a trial was performed in which 30 patients with multiple sclerosis (EDSS 2-5) were randomly selected and randomly assigned to two blind groups of 15 patients. The massage group was in water (mean age 39.60 ± 8.33, 160 ± 6.04 cm and body weight 26.59 ± 3.74 cm2 and control group 36 ± 6.56 years, Height 158.86±2.92 cm, and body mass 26.95 ± 2.33 kg/m2). The experimental group performed a massage therapy program in water for six weeks, three sessions per week and the duration of 20 minutes for lower extremities (thighs, knees, legs, wrists and feet), the control group performed the natural activities of daily living, before and after the training, speed of walking with rocket test, static and dynamic equilibrium Arranged by a modified stamina and Y test, pain intensity by visual acuity scale, Fatigue was assessed by MFIS questionnaire and quality of life by SF scale of 36 The data were refined using descriptive statistics. Measurement of the nature of the data was performed by Shapiro-Wilk test and data analysis was used to compare the independent t-test. Also, SPSS version 25 was used. The significance level was considered as (p<0.05). Finding: The results of the study showed that six weeks of massage in water had a significant effect on walking speed, postural control (static and dynamic balance), pain intensity, fatigue and quality of life in women with multiple sclerosis (p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on this study, it can be concluded that water massage could be effective for people with multiple sclerosis. Therefore, massage therapists are to be advised to use these rehab techniques to improve walking speed, postural control (static and dynamic balance), pain intensity, fatigue, and quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis.
Daneshjoo, Soudabeh Raeisi,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (8-2020)
Abstract
Aims and background: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of kinesio tapping with neuromuscular
exercises on the balance, performance and pain intensity of basketball players with ankle instability.
Materials and Methods: The population was all female basketball players within the age range of 22 to 30
years old in Pakdasht City. 30 participants with chronic ankle instability were selected by convenience sampling
methods by G-Power software based on research criteria and they were randomly divided into two groups of 15
(experimental and control groups). Next, all specimens were taken the pretest for static and dynamic balance,
three single leg jumps performance, The star Excursion Balance Test, lateral jump performance and pain
intensity through standard questionnaire and tests. The experimental group received 8 weeks of kinesio taping
with selective neuromuscular exercises. The control group did not receive any specific exercises. Finally, all
the specimens were taken post-test and the data were analyzed by statistical tests such as Shapiro-Wilk Test
and the analysis of MANCOVA SPSS21 at the significance level of α=0.05.
Results: The present study results showed that 8 weeks of kinesio taping with neuromuscular exercises, has
a positively significant effect on the variables including lateral jump performance, three single leg jumps
performance, pain intensity, figure 8, and the static and dynamic balance of basketball players with chronic
ankle instability (P=0.002).
Conclusion: Regarding the results of this research, it is recommended that athletes with the same disorder, and
especially basketball players with ankle instability use kinesio taping with neuromuscular exercises in training
period during exercises, in championship, and in their health and rehabilitation protocols.
Serva Tohidi, Malihe Hadadnezhad, Sadreddin Shojaedin,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2020)
Abstract
Aims and background: Gaze direction recognition is one of the new treatments method for neck pain. The positive effects of stabilization exercises in various studies on neck pain have also been confirmed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of adding a gaze direction recognition program to common stabilizing exercises on neck pain intensity, muscular endurance and proprioception of women with chronic non-specific neck pain.
Materials and methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 45 women with chronic neck pain were divided into three equal groups: stabilization exercises, combination group (stabilization and gaze direction recognition) and control. Research variables included pain intensity, muscle endurance, and Proprioception. To measure them in the pre-test, visual pain scale, PILE endurance test and neck joint repositioning error test were used, respectively. Then, after eight weeks of training in training groups, post-test were performed in pre-test conditions. Analysis of variance with repeated measures and paired t-test were used to evaluate the results. Significance level was considered in this study (α <0.05).
Findings: The results of the present study showed that performing exercises in two training groups had a significant effect on pain intensity and proprioception and adding a gaze direction recognition program to common stabilizing exercises led to more improvement in pain intensity and proprioception in female with chronic non-specific neck pain. (P <0.05).
Conclusion: Considering that Adding a gaze direction recognition program to stabilizing exercises can lead to better results in reducing the severity of pain and increasing the properioception females with chronic neck pain. The use of these exercises along with other exercises is recommended for female with non-specific chronic neck pain.
Phd Mojtaba Ansarishahidi, Habibeh Farokhi, Phd Hasan Rezayi Jamolloi, Phd Amrollah Ebarhimi, Phd Jalil Arabkhradmand,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2020)
Abstract
Aims and background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of schema therapy on Pain
Acceptance, Pain Self-Efficacy, pain intensity and emotion regulation in spinal column surgery patients
suffering from pain in Milad hospital.
Materials and Methods: In this study semi-experimental with pretest-posttest control group design was used,
96 male peopel who were eligible for inclusion criteria and underwent spinal surgery assigned to experimental
and control groups by chance and the experimental ones received interventional therapy. This study was to
analyze the data from the test ANCOVA.
Results: Results showed that schema therapy is effective and ipmroved Pain Acceptance and Pain Self-
Efficacy and reducing amount of pain Intensity and emotion management.
Conclusion: The results revealed that schema therapy focuses on challenge and change process to create
improvement and is appropriate for post operation pain management in patients with such a surgeries . According
to the result of this study the schema therapy can be used as secondary prevention of pain consequences in these
patients.
Vahid Sabri, Arezoo Ghasemkhanlo, Mohsen Madadloo,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Pain is a multidimensional experience and is one of the symptoms of various physical and psychological problems. Some studies have shown that people with Covid-19 experience problems such as myalgia, headache, muscle aches, and anxiety after the acute phase of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on anxiety, pain intensity and interference in daily activities.
Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. Research community of patients with Covid-19 Khoy city who received positive PCR test. Among them, 96 patients with complaints such as muscle pain, headache, and low back pain with no history of pain experience were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control rounds. For the experimental group, progressive muscle relaxation exercises were taught in 12 sessions and patients were asked to practice 60 sessions of 20 minutes over 8 weeks. Data were collected using Beck pain intensity and anxiety questionnaires in pre-test and post-test. After data collection, multivariate analysis of covariance analysis was used in SPSS-26 software to control the effect of pretest.
Results: Levin test showed homogeneity of variances (significance level from 0.11 to 0.58); So analysis of covariance can be used. Analysis of scores of anxiety, pain intensity, interference in daily activities in both groups is a decreasing trend, and the difference in scores of anxiety, pain intensity, interference in daily activities between the experimental and control groups is significant at the level of P <0.01. The effect size for progressive muscle relaxation in reducing pain intensity experienced was 0.65, reducing pain interference in daily activities was 0.71 and for anxiety was 0.78, indicating the average effect size of muscle relaxation for all three components.
Conclusion: The findings of this study show that progressive muscle relaxation training can significantly and effectively reduce anxiety, pain intensity and interference in daily activities. Progressive muscle relaxation exercises with stimulation of the sympathetic nerves can reduce patients' anxiety and stress, and reducing stress in turn can reduce the experience of pain perception. Therefore, in addition to drug treatments to reduce anxiety and pain intensity, progressive muscle relaxation can be used.
Mojtaba Aghili, Zahra Hosseinzadeh Shandiz,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (5-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Menstrual pain syndrome appears as a clinical disease with the occurrence of physical and mental cycles unrelated to any natural disease during the five days before menstruation. This research was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on emotional self-awareness, emotional dyslexia and pain intensity in girls suffering from menstrual pain.
Methodology: The present study was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population of the research was all female students in the second year of high school in Mashhad in the academic year of 2022-2023, who were selected by cluster sampling of 30 people and randomly placed in two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The experimental group received commitment and acceptance therapy during 8 sessions of 90 minutes, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The research tools were Riff's emotional self-awareness questionnaire (2008), Toronto's emotional dyslexia (1994) and menstrual pain intensity scale. The research data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance test.
Findings: The findings showed that treatment based on acceptance and commitment has a significant effect on emotional self-awareness, emotional dyslexia and pain intensity in girls suffering from menstrual pain (p<0.05). In fact, treatment based on acceptance and commitment increases emotional self-awareness and reduces emotional ataxia and pain intensity in girls suffering from menstrual pain.
Conclusion: According to the findings, it can be concluded that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment teaches girls how to experience thoughts, feelings and emotions without judgment and emotional disturbance in the mind. This process, by helping the therapist to understand the physical feelings, the ability to recognize and separate emotions, leads to a reduction in the intensity of menstrual pain.
Mohamad Amin Shahbazi, Ali Jalalvand,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of orthopedic insoles and gait strategies on kinematic walking parameters in individuals with heel spur.
Methods: A total of 15 patients with heel spur and 15 healthy individuals with similar average height, weight, and age were selected through convenience sampling. The Vicon motion analysis system, equipped with 6 high-speed cameras and a sampling frequency of 100 Hz, was used to evaluate spatiotemporal and spatial walking parameters. A mixed-design repeated measures ANOVA was employed at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: Toe-in gait resulted in decreased cadence, ipsilateral foot-off, step length, step time, stride time, step width, and walking speed, while toe-out gait increased ipsilateral foot-off in both groups. In the heel spur group, silicone insoles and heel cups led to increased cadence, stride length, and walking speed, while reducing double-support percentage, stride time, and visual pain intensity compared to gait strategies. Silicone insoles increased step length (compared to normal walking and toe-in gait), decreased step time (compared to normal walking, heel cups, and toe-out gait), and reduced single-support percentage (compared to normal walking and toe-out gait). In heel spur patients, toe-out gait increased double-support percentage and contralateral foot-off, while toe-in gait decreased double-support and single-support percentages.
Conclusion: Walking with silicone insoles and heel cups are optimal interventions for improving and enhancing spatiotemporal walking parameters. Silicone insoles are the most effective intervention, while toe-in gait poses a potential risk factor for individuals with heel spur.
