Journal of Anesthesiology and Pain

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Aim and Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of massage therapy, stability exercise and combination exercise on improvement of chronic low back pain Methods and Materials: In this study, 30 patients with chronic low back pain with an average age of 33.44±9.02 years participated. Patients were randomly divided into three groups: massage, stability and combination. The protocol consisted of training for 8 weeks, three days a week and each session was about an hour.Patients for 12 sessions (4 weeks, or every other day), protocols massage, stability exercises and combination with supervision therapists received. Findings:The results of this study showed that the studied methods significantly (P<0.05) decreased the pain and improved function compared to the pre-test. Also significant difference was observed between groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: the results showed that stabilization training combined with massage therapy is more effective than using each alone.

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Aims and Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of massage, stability and combination exercise on dynamic stability in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain during the sitting to standing task. Materials and methods: In this study, 30 patients with chronic low back pain with an average age of 33.44±9.02 years participated. Patients were randomly divided into three groups of ten: massage, stability and combination exercises. Patients received protocols of massage, stability, and combination exercises for 12 sessions (4 weeks, on every other day) under supervision of therapists. Findings: The results of this study showed that after stabilization and combination exercises, there was significant difference between pre and post test in Rising Index and COG Sway Velocity variables. Conclusions: The results showed that combination of massage with stability exercise is more effective than using either one alone.

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Abstract

Aims and Background: Knee OA is the most common joint disease. Hip abductor muscle weaknesses has been reported in people with knee osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of  two therapeutic methods namely  hip abductor-quadriceps strengthening and quadriceps strengthening alone in women with knee OA.

Materials and methods: 34 subjects were randomly assigned to the hip group or to the quadriceps group. The hip group performed hip abductor and quadriceps strengthening exercises, whereas the quadriceps group performed quadriceps strengthening exercises (3 times per week for 8wk). Pain with NRS , knee function with WOMAC, single leg balance test and timed up and go test (TUG) were all assessed before and after intervention. Repeated measure ANOVA, and Paired t-test were used to compare outcome measures between groups over time.

Findings: The results showed that there were significantly differences between the mean scores of pain, function, balance in both groups and TUG test in hip group before and after training (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in TUG test in quadriceps group (P>0.05).  Repeated Measure results indicated that the mean scores of pain, balance and TUG test in hip group were significantly better than quadriceps group (P<0.05) while they were not significantly different  in the physical function.

Conclusion: Hip abductor- quadriceps strengthening exercises were more effective than quadriceps strengthening alone in reducing pain, improving function, single leg balance and in TUG test in women with knee OA.

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 Aims and background: Patients with non-specific low back pain experience disorder in back motor control and trunk muscle endurance and these disorders are associated with pain in these patients. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of motor control exercises, exercise in water, and combined exercises on back motor control and trunk muscle resistance in patients with chronic mechanical low back pain. Materials and methods: TIn this study, patients with mechanical low back pain were selected using Oswestry Questionnaire. They were randomly assigned into four groups of motor control exercises (n=12), exercise in water (n=12), combined exercises (n=11), and control group (n=13). All three exercise groups performed 8 weeks of determined exercise and control group did not perform exercise. To assess back motor control and trunk muscle endurance of patients, Lumajoki motor control test and McGill test were used, respectively. ANOVA test was used (α≤ 0.05) for intra-group and inter-group comparison of pre-test and post-test variables, paired t-test and variables. Findings: The results of the research showed a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test of exercise groups compared with the control group in the variables of back motor control, and trunk muscle resistance. However, significant difference was not found among the three groups. Conclusion: As a result, exercise in water, motor control exercises, and combined exercises had impact on increasing back motor control and trunk muscle resistance of patients with non-specific low back pain, and all three exercise methods were effective on the treatment of non-specific chronic low back pain.

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 Aims and background: LBP is one of the major costly health problems in many developed and developing countries which has many economic and social impacts. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect and duration of eight weeks of core stability and Pilates exercises on sensory function, quality of life and pain in women with nonspecific chronic low back pain. Materials and methods: Using a purposive and accessible sampling method, 30 individuals were selected randomly and divided into three groups of 10 patients with Pilates training, central stability training, and control group. Before the beginning of exercise protocols, quality of life questionnaire was completed and pain and sensory function measurements were performed. After eight weeks and one month thereafter, assessments were repeated, as in the pre-test steps. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to evaluate the results. The significance level was considered P ≤ 0.05. Findings: Pilates exercises and central stability had a significant effect on a visual pain scale, sensory function, and quality of life in patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain. The sensory function was maintained in the central stability training group after one month. Conclusion: Pilates exercises and central stability had a significant effect on a visual pain scale, sensory function, and quality of life in patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain. The sensory function was maintained in the central stability training group after one month.

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Aims and background: Gaze direction recognition is one of the new treatments method for neck pain. The positive effects of stabilization exercises in various studies on neck pain have also been confirmed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of adding a gaze direction recognition program to common stabilizing exercises on neck pain intensity, muscular endurance and proprioception of women with chronic non-specific neck pain.
 
Materials and methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 45 women with chronic neck pain were divided into three equal groups: stabilization exercises, combination group (stabilization and gaze direction recognition) and control. Research variables included pain intensity, muscle endurance, and Proprioception. To measure them in the pre-test, visual pain scale, PILE endurance test and neck joint repositioning error test were used, respectively. Then, after eight weeks of training in training groups, post-test were performed in pre-test conditions. Analysis of variance with repeated measures and paired t-test were used to evaluate the results. Significance level was considered in this study (α <0.05).
Findings: The results of the present study showed that performing exercises in two training groups had a significant effect on pain intensity and proprioception and adding a gaze direction recognition program to common stabilizing exercises led to more improvement in pain intensity and proprioception in female with chronic non-specific neck pain. (P <0.05).
 
 
Conclusion: Considering that Adding a gaze direction recognition program to stabilizing exercises can lead to better results in reducing the severity of pain and increasing the properioception females with chronic neck pain. The use of these exercises along with other exercises is recommended for female with non-specific chronic neck pain.

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Background and Objectives: In the last two decades, the prevalence of neck pain has been increasing and now it is considered the second musculoskeletal disorder after back pain. The general purpose of this research is to compare the effect of a course of posture correction and strength exercises with emphasis on the head and neck position on Pain, weakness of neck muscles and range of motion of inactive men with chronic neck pain. Research method: The current research was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test Materials and Methods:The statistical population was composed of inactive men with chronic neck pain in Tehran, who were selected by random sampling of 30 men who do not do any sports activities during the day (inactive) and have chronic neck pain. After the pre-test, the samples were randomly divided into three groups of 10 people who were trained for 6 weeks. In order to measure the research variables, VAS pain scale, Roland Morris disability index and neck flexion and extension (lateral flexion and neck rotation) were used. Data analysis was done using SPSS24 software. Results: The results of the t-test showed that postural and strength correction exercises had a significant effect on the research variables. In addition, the results of the analysis of variance test showed that there is a significant difference between the control group and the two training groups in all variables, but between the two groups of postural correction and strength correction exercises on the variables examined in this research, it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The results of the research showed that doing sports exercises had a significant effect on reducing the complications related to chronic neck pain in this research, so it is possible to use sports exercises to improve the condition of neck pain in people with neck pain problems, and on the other hand, the cost reduced the treatment..

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Abstract

Background: Low back pain is one of the most common problems among pregnant women and requires further investigation and design of effective interventions. Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of adding breathing exercises to comprehensive exercises in water and dry land on lumbo-pelvic pain. pain, functional disability, SFMA scores in pregnant women during lumbo-pelvic pain.

Methods: A total of 60 pregnant women with lumbo-pelvic pain were randomly divided into two groups: breathing exercises with on-land training (30 people) and breathing exercises with water training (30 people) and performed 14 weeks of training. Measured variables included pain, functional disability, SFMA scores were examined in the pretest and posttest.

Results: Intra-group results in pain, functional disability, and SFMA variables showed significant results after 8 weeks of treatment in both groups (P<0.001). No significant difference was seen between the two exercise interventions in improving pain (p=0.91), functional disability (p=0.77) and SFMA (p=0.53).

Conclusion: Adding breathing exercises to water and land exercises can improve pain, functional disability, and SFMA scores variables in pregnant women with lumbo-pelvic pain.
Key Words: Pregnancy, lumbo-pelvic pain, breathing Exercise, Function



 

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Background: Non-specific chronic back pain is the third known cause of disability in musculoskeletal disease. The prevalence of this type of back pain is very common among flight attendants and has been reported due to standing for long periods of time, doing repetitive tasks, and carrying things in different ways. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of eight weeks of resistance exercises with and without motor skill exercises and pain reprocessing therapy on pain and psychological factors of flight attendants with non-specific chronic back pain.
Methods: The present research is a double-blind randomized clinical trial. 52 female flight attendants with non-specific chronic back pain were randomly divided into three experimental groups and one control group. In order to assess the level of pain, the visual analog scale of pain, DAS questionnaire for depression, anxiety, and fear variables, Tempa questionnaire for fear of movement, pain catastrophizing scale and fear avoidance beliefs questionnaire related to work and physical activity were used. All four groups performed the selected exercises for eight weeks. In order to maintain the permanence of the effect of the exercises, re-evaluation was done after three months of the exercises. T-test was used to examine intra-group changes, one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post-hoc test were used to examine inter-group changes, and repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to examine the interactive effect of time on the group (P≤0.05).
Results: The results of one-way analysis of variance test for inter-group changes showed that the main effect of time is significant except for the anxiety variable in other research variables (P ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that resistance exercises along with motor skills training and pain reprocessing have a significant effect on reducing pain and improving psychological factors.
 

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Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the application of the integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique combined with Electric stimulation can provide faster and greater improvement in maximum strength and isometric of the neck muscles in patients with chronic mechanical neck pain.
Materials and Methods: The current research was a semi-experimental type with a pretest-posttest design. For this purpose, patients with non-specific chronic neck pain in Tehran were randomly divided into two experimental groups (n=17) and a control group (n=17). Pain, disability, strength and endurance of neck muscles before and after eight weeks of intervention were measured using visual pain index, neck disability index, dynamometer and craniocervical flexion test, respectively. Repeated measures analysis of variance and paired T-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the data.
Results: The results of the paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance did not show significant differences between the group and the out-group in the three groups, in contrast, the combined neuromuscular inhibition technique group with electrical stimulation showed a greater clinical effect size than the other two groups.
Conclusion: According to the clinical effects reported for the combined neuromuscular inhibition technique with electrical stimulation in patients with neck pain, using this method as a complementary method in improving pain, disability and increasing the strength and endurance of neck muscles in patients with chronic neck pain Non-specific is suggested.
 

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Background and Aim: Chronic non-specific low back pain is one of the most common and debilitating problems that affects many people, and existing treatments often have limited results in improving patients' pain and function. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of therapeutic exercises on reducing pain, improving function and changing fear-avoidance beliefs in patients with non-specific chronic back pain.
Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design, patients with non-specific chronic back pain were randomly divided into two experimental (n=18) and control (n=18) groups. Pain, performance and avoidance constructs of patients before and after eight weeks of intervention were measured using visual pain index (VAS), Sorensen test and fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire, respectively. To analyze the data, repeated measures analysis of variance and correlated t-test were used.
Results: The results showed that the therapeutic exercises in the experimental group significantly increased the pain and disability scores compared to the control group, and large clinical effects were also reported for both. Also, significance was reported for the performance and change of fear-avoidance beliefs, with the difference that the clinical effects for these were reported to be moderate.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed the effectiveness of therapeutic exercises in improving non-specific chronic low back pain, hence the use of movement control and stretching exercises as a combined method (therapeutic exercises) in reducing pain and improving the performance and avoidance beliefs of affected patients. It is recommended for non-specific chronic back pain.