Journal of Anesthesiology and Pain

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Aims and Background: the aim of this investigate was to compare two aquatic exercise therapy protocol on pain and disability in the middle – aged men with chronic low back pain. Materials and Methods: in this semi – experimental study, 36 middle-aged men who suffer from chronic back herniated disc are chosen and divided into 3 equal groups: experimental group1 (walking in water n=12), experimental group2 (laying backward on the water n=12) and control group (n=12). Experimental groups did the aquatic exercise therapy program that included of 24 sessions in 6 weeks and 4 sessions per week for 45-60 minutes. The mean score of pain and disability of these individuals respectively registered by VAS index and questionnaire of “oswestry disability” before and after the intervention were measured. Data were analyzed by paired- samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance at a significant level of P<0.05. Findings: The results showed after 6 weeks of aquatic exercise therapy the amount of pain and disability significantly changed in both experimental groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results of this investigate showed aquatic exercise therapy by patients who suffer from chronic sciatic low back pain, could decrease pain and disability in them and we could prescribe this protocol as a useful method for these patients.

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 Aim and Background: This    study    was    performed    with    the    purpose    to    determine    the    role    of    alexithymia    and    emotion    dysregulation    in    quality    of    life    in    patients    with    chronic    pain. Materials and methods:    This    research    is    descriptive    and    correlational.    The    research    sample    consisted    of    150    patients(90female    and    60male)    with    chronic    pain    who    referred    to    Gilan    pain    clinic    in    march-June    2017. They    were    selected    by    available    sampling    method.    Toronto’s    Alexithymia    scale,    Gratz    and    Roemer    emotion    dysregulation    Scale    and    Quality    of    Life    Scale    were    used    for    their    evaluation.    Data    was    analyzed    by    using    Pearson    correlation    coefficient    and    stepwise    regression. Findings: The    results    showed    a    negative    significant    relationship    between    Alexithymia    and    emotion    dysregulation    with    quality    of    life    (p    <0.01),    and    the    difficulty    in    identifying    emotions    and    emotion    dysregulation    predict    about    32%    of    the    quality    of    life    changes    in    patients    with    chronic    pain    (P    <0.01). Conclusion: Alexithymia    and    emotion    dysregulation    are    involved    in    the    quality    of    life    in    chronic    pain    patients    and    the    need    to    pay    attention    to    emotional    responses    can    improve    the    quality    of    life    in    patients.

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 Aims and Background: Helping patients with cardiac arrest depends on the speed and quality of treatment, so non-professional people generally are not able do such a treatment properly but any kind of  training including interactive classrooms, television programs, newspapers and books can  help nonprofessional people to save the life of these patients more effectively. The purpose of the study was to evaluate effectiveness of CardioPulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) training using video feedback on the performance of non-professional saviors. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study 50 nursing students in the first year of graduation were divided into two groups: Sample group (lectures, practical training, and video feedback) and Control group (lectures and practical training). Using standard checklist from association of CPR guideline outlined in 2015, and standard checklist of Iranian nursing services published in 1393 we designed a checklist including 19 behavioral functions. After giving lectures about CPR, the individuals’ performance was evaluated by this checklist and then using video tools and practical training their performance was scored for another time. Findings: The average score of performance was not different between both groups before re-test; however, this score in Sample group was significantly increased compared to Control group after giving them feedback of their performance (P<0.001). conclusion: Teaching by video feedback can help to improve non-professional saviors’ performance just before transferring the cardiac arrest victims to the hospital and it could increase their survival chance.

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 Aims and background: Low back pain is the most common musculoskeletal disorder. There are several ways to treat back pain, but to achieve a short, easy and compress way is needed in today’s industrial societies. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of core stabilization training in water and on land on pain and dynamic postural stability in women with chronic non-specific low back pain. Materials and methods: 36 women nonathletic with nonspecific chronic low back pain participated in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups (control, n=12, experimental 1, n=12, experimental 2, n=12). there were no intervention for control group. The experimental group 1 performed core stability exercises in the water and the experimental group 2 performed core stability exercises on land carried out during 12 consecutive days. The Quebec test applied for assessing  pain and star test (SEBT) was used to measure dynamic balance before and after treatment,. For assessing Normal distribution of data from ShapiroWilk test for homogeneity of group’s variance Levene test, changes within the group of t-test and ANOVA test and Tukey post hoc test was used for between groups changes. Findings: The results showed that pain in both experimental group 1 (training in water) (P=0/001) and experimental 2 (training on land) (P=0/001) than the control group significantly decreased, as well as the pain in the experimental group 1was significantly decreased than experimental group 2 (P=0/001). The dynamic balance in both experimental groups 1 and 2 compared to the control group significantly increased; as well as dynamic balance in the experimental group2 compared to the experimental group1 was  significantly increased (P<0/05). Conclusion: In the short term, core stability exercises on land and water would reduce pain and improve balance in patients with chronic low back pain.

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 Aims and background: Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory, autoimmune, chronic, and progressive
connective tissue disease with an unknown cause that is associated with symptoms such as pain, swelling,
tenderness, stiffness, and dryness in the joints and decreased energy, leading to muscle inactivity and atrophy. The
aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Pilates exercises on pain and isometric torque of flexor muscles
and knee extensors in women with rheumatoid arthritis.
Materials and methods: Thirty female patients with rheumatoid arthritis (hip and knee joints) were randomly
divided into two groups (15 experimental groups and 15 control groups). Evaluation of the pain performed with
visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scale and Kin-com 125A isokinetic dynamometer were used to assess the isometric
torque of the muscles. The experimental group performed Pilates exercises for eight weeks and three sessions a
week. Paired t-test and analysis of covariance were used to interpret the data in two groups. (P≤0.05).
Results: The findings showed that the pain of the experimental group after eight weeks of Pilates exercises was
significantly lower than the control group (P <0.05). Also, the isometric torque of the knee flexor and extensor
muscles of the experimental group is significantly better than the control group members (P <0.05).
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, Pilates exercises can improve the pain and the knee flexor
and extensor muscles isometric torque of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

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Aims and background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) with short-term solution-focused therapy (SSFT) on pain anxiety  & quality of life in patients with chronic headache.
Materials and Methods: This was a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest, controlled design with follow-up. The statistical population of the study consisted of men suffering from chronic headache in Tabriz city in 202245 people were selected using the purposeful sampling method, and were randomly divided into three groups. The experimental groups received the treatment specific to their group in 8 and 6 1.5 hour sessions, respectively, but the control group received no treatment. Data were analyzed with repeated measures analysis of variance.
Results: In the pretest, mean and standard deviation of MBCT for pain anxiety  was (76/93±4/49) & for quality of life was (40/40±3/85); in SSFT for for pain anxiety  was (76/87±4/43) & for quality of life was (39/33±4/79); and in the control group for pain anxiety  was (78/27±4/14) & for quality of life was (40/60±3/52). Both treatments compared to the control group, reduced pain anxiety  and increased quality of life of patients after the test (p<0.001). In the follow-up phase, the effect of these two treatments on pain anxiety  and quality of life was lasting (p<0.001). The effect of these two treatments on pain anxiety  and quality of life at posttest and follow-up was not different (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that these two treatments have reduced pain anxiety and increased the quality of life of chronic headache patients.
 

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Aims and background: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance & commitment therapy on intensity of pain experience & life satisfaction of patients with epilepsy.
Materials and Methods: This study was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest & follow up control group design. The statistical population of the research consisted of all men with epilepsy in Tabriz who were members of the Epilepsy Society of this city in 2022. 30 people were randomly selected into two groups (15 people each) by following the criteria for entering and leaving the research and using the purposeful sampling method. The members of the experimental group received acceptance and commitment-based therapy in 8 sessions of 1.5 hours; but the control group did not receive any treatment. Analysis of findings through repeated measures analysis of variance test.
Results: In the pretest, mean and standard deviation of the acceptance & commitment therapy for intensity of pain experience (76.93±4.49) and for life satisfaction (40.40±3.85), and in the control group for intensity of pain experience ( 78.27±4.14) and for life satisfaction (40.60±3.52) (P>0.05). Acceptance & commitment therapy, compared to the control group, the intensity of pain experience (78.27±4.14) and life satisfaction (78.27±4.14) of patients with epilepsy decreased and increased respectively in the post-test (p<0.001). In the follow-up phase, the effect of treatment on the intensity of pain experience and life satisfaction was lasting (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that acceptance and commitment therapy has reduced the intensity of pain experience and increased life satisfaction of patients with epilepsy.