<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<journal>
<title>Anesthesiology and Pain</title>
<title_fa>بیهوشی و درد</title_fa>
<short_title>JAP</short_title>
<subject>Medical Sciences</subject>
<web_url>http://jap.iums.ac.ir</web_url>
<journal_hbi_system_id>1</journal_hbi_system_id>
<journal_hbi_system_user>admin</journal_hbi_system_user>
<journal_id_issn>2228-6659</journal_id_issn>
<journal_id_issn_online>2322-3324</journal_id_issn_online>
<journal_id_pii>000</journal_id_pii>
<journal_id_doi>000</journal_id_doi>
<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
<journal_id_sid>000</journal_id_sid>
<journal_id_nlai>000</journal_id_nlai>
<journal_id_science>000</journal_id_science>
<language>fa</language>
<pubdate>
	<type>jalali</type>
	<year>1391</year>
	<month>4</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<pubdate>
	<type>gregorian</type>
	<year>2012</year>
	<month>7</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<volume>3</volume>
<number>2</number>
<publish_type>online</publish_type>
<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
<articleset>
	<article>


	<language>fa</language>
	<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
	<title_fa>بررسی اثر تجویز کلونیدین خوراکی قبل از عمل بر میزان خونریزی وکیفیت موضع جراحی حین عمل جراحی اندوسکوپی سینوس</title_fa>
	<title>The effect of oral clonidine premedication on blood loss and thequality of the surgical field during endoscopic sinus surgery: aplacebo-controlled clinical trial</title>
	<subject_fa>عمومى</subject_fa>
	<subject>General</subject>
	<content_type_fa>پژوهشي</content_type_fa>
	<content_type>Original</content_type>
	<abstract_fa>&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify line-height: normal margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt unicode-bidi: embed direction: rtl mso-layout-grid-align: none&quot; dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot;&quot;&gt;زمینه و هدف:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot;&quot;&gt; با وجود &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;به­کارگیری تکنیک­های مختلف برای کاهش خونریزی حین جراحی اندوسکوپی سینوس، این مورد یکی از مهم­ترین معضلات مشترک گروه بیهوشی و جراحی باقی مانده است. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot;&quot;&gt;این مطالعه جهت بررسی اثر کلونیدین خوراکی قبل از عمل بر روی میزان خونریزی و کیفیت موضع جراحی در جراحی اندوسکوپی سینوس طراحی شده است.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify line-height: normal margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt unicode-bidi: embed direction: rtl mso-layout-grid-align: none&quot; dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot;&quot;&gt;مواد و روش­ها:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot;&quot;&gt; در یک کارآزمایی بالینی کنترل شده با دارونما 84 بیمار با شرایط فیزی&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: Arial mso-hansi-font-family: Arial mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi&quot;&gt;کی&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot;&quot;&gt; 1و2 که تحت جراحی اندوسکوپی سینوس جهت سینوزیت مزمن قرار گرفتند به صورت تصادفی به دو گروه تقسیم شدند. دسته اول افرادی که کلونیدین خوراکی 2/0 میلی­گرم خوراکی و دسته دوم افرادی که شبه قرص کلونیدین نود دقیقه قبل از ورود به اتاق عمل دریافت کردند.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify line-height: normal margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt unicode-bidi: embed direction: rtl mso-layout-grid-align: none&quot; dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot;&quot;&gt;یافته ها:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot;&quot;&gt; میزان خونریزی در گروه کلونیدین67&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: BNazaninBold font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri&quot;&gt;±&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot;&quot;&gt;214 ودر گروه دارونما 78&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: BNazaninBold font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri&quot;&gt;±&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Arial Black&quot;&quot;&gt;276 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: Arial mso-hansi-font-family: Arial mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi&quot;&gt;بود (05/0&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: Arial mso-hansi-font-family: Arial mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi&quot;&gt;). در گروه کلونیدین در مقایسه با گروه دارونما جراح رضایت بیشتری از دید موضع جراحی خود داشت.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify line-height: normal margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt unicode-bidi: embed direction: rtl mso-layout-grid-align: none&quot; dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: Arial mso-hansi-font-family: Arial mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi&quot;&gt;نتیجه گیری:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;B Nazanin&quot; font-size: 14pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: Arial mso-hansi-font-family: Arial mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi&quot;&gt; تجویز خوراکی کلونیدین 2/0میلی­گرم قبل از عمل به طور موثری باعث کاهش خونریزی در ضمن جراحی آندوسکوپی سینوس می­شود.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abstract_fa>
	<abstract>&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT&quot;&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;Aim and Background:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman&quot;&gt;Bleeding during functional endoscopic sinus surgery(FESS)remains a
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;challenge for both surgeons and anesthesiologists despite several modalities available for&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;improving the surgical field. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of oral clonidine&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;premedication on blood loss and the quality of the surgical field in FESS.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT&quot;&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;Methods and Materials:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman&quot;&gt;In a placebo-controlled clinical trial, a total of 84 American Society of
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I–II patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;chronic sinusitis were randomly allocated to receive either oral clonidine 0.2 mg or identicallooking&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;placebo tablets 90 min before arrival at the operating room.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT&quot;&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;Findings:&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman&quot;&gt;Blood loss in the clonidine group was 214 ± 67 ml on average and that in the placebo
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;group was 276 ± 78 ml (mean ± SD, p&quot;0.01). The median (range) bleeding score in the clonidine&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;group was significantly lower than that in the placebo group (2 (1–3) vs. 2.5 (2–4), p&lt;0.0001).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;Accordingly, the surgeon was more satisfied with the surgical field in the clonidine group than&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;with that in the placebo group (median score, 4 (3–5) vs. 3 (1–5), p&lt;0.001).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT&quot;&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman font-size: small&quot;&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Premedication with oral clonidine 0.2 mg can effectively reduce bleeding during FESS.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT font-size: small&quot;&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT font-size: small&quot;&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
	<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
	<keyword></keyword>
	<start_page>152</start_page>
	<end_page>0</end_page>
	<web_url>http://jap.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-25-34&amp;slc_lang=fa&amp;sid=1</web_url>


<author_list>
	<author>
	<first_name>Masood Mohseni1, Amin Ebneshahidi2,</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Sina Asgarian‐omran3</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa>مسعود</first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa>محسنی</last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>100319475328460050</code>
	<orcid>100319475328460050</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation></affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name></first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name></last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa>سید امین</first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa>ابن شهیدی</last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>100319475328460051</code>
	<orcid>100319475328460051</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation></affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name></first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name></last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa>سینا</first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa>عسگریان عمران</last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>100319475328460052</code>
	<orcid>100319475328460052</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation></affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


</author_list>


	</article>
</articleset>
</journal>
